What is an Intellectual Disability?
Intellectual disabilities are widely misunderstood, but are actually some of the most common developmental disabilities. About 6.5 million Americans live with an intellectual disability — that’s 2% of the American population! So what is an intellectual disability? Geo Psychological Testing explains:
What is an Intellectual Disability?
Someone with an intellectual disability may experience limitations in cognitive function & development, as well as communication, social, and self-care skills. Some of the most common intellectual disabilities include Fragile X Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and Autism. A person could have an intellectual disability if they meet these criteria:
- An IQ less than 70-75
- Significant limitations in two or more areas of intellect (ex: communication)
- The disability manifests before the age of 18
Early Signs
Intellectual disabilities typically manifest at an early age. A few early signs include:
- Delays in walking or crawling
- Speech delays
- Poor memory
- Does not understand social norms or rules
- Cannot predict the consequences of their actions
- Has trouble solving problems and thinking critically
Causes/Diagnosis
Intellectual disabilities can be caused by a number of things, including injuries and diseases. Some of the most common causes include complications during pregnancy or birth, genetic conditions, and exposure to diseases (like the measles).
When diagnosing intellectual disabilities, medical professionals and psychologists look at two things: intellectual function and adaptive behavior. Intellectual function can be evaluated with a standard IQ test. To measure adaptive behavior, professionals evaluate the child’s abilities compared to other children their age.
Interested in learning more about intellectual disabilities? Concerned your child may have a disability? The licensed clinical psychologists at Geo Psychological Testing specialize in conducting psychological evaluations and assessments for all age groups — children, adolescents, adults, and the geriatric population. Our professionals could provide the answers you’re seeking. Contact us today!
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